A necessary developmental stage of adolescence occurs when children begin to test boundaries and may pull away from parents as they begin to assert their own independence.  Navigating this transition is difficult for parents; however, it is important to stay connected to children during their teenage years.  The following communication advice can assist parents to establish and maintain a healthy and trusting relationship with their children.

• Listen – teens are more likely to be open with adults if they do not feel pressured to share information.  It is important to stay open and interested.
• Show trust – if teens feel that their parents have faith in them and can rely on them, it will boost their confidence and they will become more likely to complete the action.
• Do not be a dictator – setting rules creates boundaries, and explaining why these rules are in place will make the rule seem more reasonable.
• Give praise – although teenagers may not seem as if they care about what their parents think, they still value and want their parents’ approval.  Positive encouragement can help build the relationship.
• Keep emotions under control – adolescents are less able to control their emotions and think logically when they are upset.  It is important for parents to remain calm before responding.
• Model self-care – parents who practice self-care teach their children how to establish boundaries, tune into themselves, and take action to remain healthy.
• Take care of your mental health – the mental health of children is connected to their parents’ mental health.  Parents who exhibit good mental health are better able to support their children’s mental health.
• Validate their feelings – parents often want to solve their children’s problems or downplay disappointments, which can feel dismissive.  Show understanding and empathy by reflecting their feelings back to them.
• Do things together – engaging in activities that interest both parent and child can strengthen the relationship and create positive experiences.  It is important for teens to know that they can be around their parents and have fun without talking about anything personal.
• Share regular meals – sharing a meal together gives each family member an opportunity to casually talk with one another.  Children who feel comfortable talking to their parents about everyday topics are more inclined to confide in their parents about difficult things.
• Be observant – variations in behavior and eating habits are normal for teens, but changes such as isolating themselves and avoiding activities they once enjoyed, could be an indication of something more serious.  They may need to talk with a mental health professional.
• Be present – it is important for parents to give their full attention when engaging with their children.  Putting down phones and closing computers remove distractions and sends the message that the child is the most important focus.